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        "code": "topic:economics and industry:41820",
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      },
      {
        "code": "topic:health and safety:1083657",
        "source_topic_id": 1083657,
        "label": "Security investigations",
        "concept": "health and safety",
        "breadcrumb": "health and safety > safety > security > security investigations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:history and archaeology:751813",
        "source_topic_id": 751813,
        "label": "Artefacts",
        "concept": "history and archaeology",
        "breadcrumb": "history and archaeology > artefacts"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:information and communications:1083667",
        "source_topic_id": 1083667,
        "label": "Information",
        "concept": "information and communications",
        "breadcrumb": "information and communications > information"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:information and communications:501155",
        "source_topic_id": 501155,
        "label": "Media",
        "concept": "information and communications",
        "breadcrumb": "information and communications > media"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:information and communications:1083640",
        "source_topic_id": 1083640,
        "label": "Media relations",
        "concept": "information and communications",
        "breadcrumb": "information and communications > media > media relations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:information and communications:1037161",
        "source_topic_id": 1037161,
        "label": "Social media",
        "concept": "information and communications",
        "breadcrumb": "information and communications > media > social media"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:501117",
        "source_topic_id": 501117,
        "label": "Employment",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > jobs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:42510",
        "source_topic_id": 42510,
        "label": "Employment opportunities",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > employment > employment possibilities"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:1035648",
        "source_topic_id": 1035648,
        "label": "Health professionals",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > occupations > health care professionals"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:48398",
        "source_topic_id": 48398,
        "label": "Labour disputes",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > labour > labour relations > work to rules"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:42637",
        "source_topic_id": 42637,
        "label": "Labour force",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > labour > working population"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:49277",
        "source_topic_id": 49277,
        "label": "Labour relations",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > labour > labour relations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:727856",
        "source_topic_id": 727856,
        "label": "Negotiations",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > labour > labour relations > negotiations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:43624",
        "source_topic_id": 43624,
        "label": "Resignation",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > occupations > resignation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:501310",
        "source_topic_id": 501310,
        "label": "Retirement",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > occupations > retirement"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:1037321",
        "source_topic_id": 1037321,
        "label": "Temporary employment",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > employment > temporary employment"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:1037671",
        "source_topic_id": 1037671,
        "label": "Working conditions",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > workplace > labour conditions"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:labour:1037677",
        "source_topic_id": 1037677,
        "label": "Workplace",
        "concept": "labour",
        "breadcrumb": "labour > place of work"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1035274",
        "source_topic_id": 1035274,
        "label": "Fiscal law",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > tax law"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1035823",
        "source_topic_id": 1035823,
        "label": "Indigenous law",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > indigenous law"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:48776",
        "source_topic_id": 48776,
        "label": "Law",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036093",
        "source_topic_id": 1036093,
        "label": "Lease",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > contracts > lease"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036099",
        "source_topic_id": 1036099,
        "label": "Legal issues",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > legal issues"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036101",
        "source_topic_id": 1036101,
        "label": "Legal rights",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > legal rights"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036187",
        "source_topic_id": 1036187,
        "label": "Narcotics",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > drug laws > addictive drugs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036511",
        "source_topic_id": 1036511,
        "label": "Offences",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > criminal law > criminal justice > offenses"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1036733",
        "source_topic_id": 1036733,
        "label": "Price regulation",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > regulations > price regulation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:501078",
        "source_topic_id": 501078,
        "label": "Regulations",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > regulations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:law:1037099",
        "source_topic_id": 1037099,
        "label": "Sexual offences",
        "concept": "law",
        "breadcrumb": "law > law > criminal law > criminal justice > offences > sexual violence"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:military:42526",
        "source_topic_id": 42526,
        "label": "War",
        "concept": "military",
        "breadcrumb": "military > armed conflicts"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:721360",
        "source_topic_id": 721360,
        "label": "Alternative fuels",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > fuels > alternative transportation fuels"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1016365",
        "source_topic_id": 1016365,
        "label": "Birth",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > childbirth"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:721588",
        "source_topic_id": 721588,
        "label": "Climate",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > climate"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1034630",
        "source_topic_id": 1034630,
        "label": "Conservation areas",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > protected areas"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1034892",
        "source_topic_id": 1034892,
        "label": "Domestic waste",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > waste > residential waste"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:862",
        "source_topic_id": 862,
        "label": "Energy",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > energy"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:861",
        "source_topic_id": 861,
        "label": "Environment",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1035117",
        "source_topic_id": 1035117,
        "label": "Environmental impact",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environmental impact"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:96206",
        "source_topic_id": 96206,
        "label": "Forestry",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > forestry"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:44967",
        "source_topic_id": 44967,
        "label": "Forests",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > renewable resources > forest resources"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1083641",
        "source_topic_id": 1083641,
        "label": "Gold",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > nonrenewable resources > metals > precious metals > gold"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:42737",
        "source_topic_id": 42737,
        "label": "Greenhouse gases",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > gases > greenhouse effect gases"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1035723",
        "source_topic_id": 1035723,
        "label": "Human beings",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > living organisms > animals > mammals > primates > human beings"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:168629",
        "source_topic_id": 168629,
        "label": "Lakes",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > renewable resources > water > inland waters > lakes"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:202314",
        "source_topic_id": 202314,
        "label": "Lead",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > nonrenewable resources > metals > lead"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1036438",
        "source_topic_id": 1036438,
        "label": "Nonrenewable resources",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > non renewable resources"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:57753",
        "source_topic_id": 57753,
        "label": "Precipitation",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > rain"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1083609",
        "source_topic_id": 1083609,
        "label": "Recyclable materials",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > recyclable waste"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1012794",
        "source_topic_id": 1012794,
        "label": "Renewable resources",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > renewable natural resources"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1037238",
        "source_topic_id": 1037238,
        "label": "Streams",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > natural resources > renewable resources > water > inland waters > watercourses > streams"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1037333",
        "source_topic_id": 1037333,
        "label": "Terrestrial ecosystems",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > ecosystems > land ecosystems"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1037446",
        "source_topic_id": 1037446,
        "label": "Urban environment",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > environment > urban environment"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:1034890",
        "source_topic_id": 1034890,
        "label": "Waste",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > refuse"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:nature and environment:41872",
        "source_topic_id": 41872,
        "label": "Women",
        "concept": "nature and environment",
        "breadcrumb": "nature and environment > living organisms > animals > mammals > primates > human beings > women"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:1012614",
        "source_topic_id": 1012614,
        "label": "Caregivers",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > caregivers"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:43045",
        "source_topic_id": 43045,
        "label": "Children",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > children"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:1034853",
        "source_topic_id": 1034853,
        "label": "Disadvantaged persons",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > disadvantaged persons"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:41843",
        "source_topic_id": 41843,
        "label": "First Nations",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > indigenous peoples > first nations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:1035790",
        "source_topic_id": 1035790,
        "label": "Immigrants",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > newcomers"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:42652",
        "source_topic_id": 42652,
        "label": "Indigenous peoples",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > native peoples"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:501152",
        "source_topic_id": 501152,
        "label": "Seniors",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > adults > seniors"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:persons:42433",
        "source_topic_id": 42433,
        "label": "Workers",
        "concept": "persons",
        "breadcrumb": "persons > workers"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:716822",
        "source_topic_id": 716822,
        "label": "Aid programs",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > programs > support programs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1034566",
        "source_topic_id": 1034566,
        "label": "Community development",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > development > social development > community development"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1034572",
        "source_topic_id": 1034572,
        "label": "Community programs",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > programs > community programs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1083658",
        "source_topic_id": 1083658,
        "label": "Cooperation",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > cooperation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1017954",
        "source_topic_id": 1017954,
        "label": "Courts",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > systems > justice system > courts"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:715184",
        "source_topic_id": 715184,
        "label": "Crisis",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > crisis"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:44330",
        "source_topic_id": 44330,
        "label": "Economic development",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > development > economic growth"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1034945",
        "source_topic_id": 1034945,
        "label": "Economic forecasting",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > forecasting > economic forecasting"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:44251",
        "source_topic_id": 44251,
        "label": "Electoral system",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > systems > electoral system"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:715114",
        "source_topic_id": 715114,
        "label": "Environmental management",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > management > environmental planning"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:64086",
        "source_topic_id": 64086,
        "label": "Financial crisis",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > crisis > financial crisis"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1015910",
        "source_topic_id": 1015910,
        "label": "Forecasting",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > predictions"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:715119",
        "source_topic_id": 715119,
        "label": "Forest management",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > management > environmental management > forestry development"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1083679",
        "source_topic_id": 1083679,
        "label": "International cooperation",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > cooperation > international cooperation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:43666",
        "source_topic_id": 43666,
        "label": "Justice system",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > systems > legal system"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:718450",
        "source_topic_id": 718450,
        "label": "Lobbying",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > lobbying"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:714434",
        "source_topic_id": 714434,
        "label": "Management",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > management"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1036213",
        "source_topic_id": 1036213,
        "label": "Market development",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > development > market broadening"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1035506",
        "source_topic_id": 1035506,
        "label": "Navigation systems",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > systems > navigation aids"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1083661",
        "source_topic_id": 1083661,
        "label": "Planning",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > planning"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:42712",
        "source_topic_id": 42712,
        "label": "Police services",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > systems > justice system > law enforcement"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1034490",
        "source_topic_id": 1034490,
        "label": "Processing",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > processing"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1036763",
        "source_topic_id": 1036763,
        "label": "Profitability",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > profitability"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:43681",
        "source_topic_id": 43681,
        "label": "Programs",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > programs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1036792",
        "source_topic_id": 1036792,
        "label": "Public access",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > public access"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:733848",
        "source_topic_id": 733848,
        "label": "Recycling",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > management > environmental management > waste management > recycling"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1083663",
        "source_topic_id": 1083663,
        "label": "Regional cooperation",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > cooperation > regional cooperation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:87498",
        "source_topic_id": 87498,
        "label": "Social development",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > development > social change"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1037164",
        "source_topic_id": 1037164,
        "label": "Social programs",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > programs > social programs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1037442",
        "source_topic_id": 1037442,
        "label": "Urban development",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > development > urban development"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:1083650",
        "source_topic_id": 1083650,
        "label": "Urban planning",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > planning > urban planning"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:44910",
        "source_topic_id": 44910,
        "label": "Waste management",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > management > environmental management > waste reduction"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:processes:43103",
        "source_topic_id": 43103,
        "label": "Work permits",
        "concept": "processes",
        "breadcrumb": "processes > permits > work permits"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:science and technology:43441",
        "source_topic_id": 43441,
        "label": "Artificial intelligence",
        "concept": "science and technology",
        "breadcrumb": "science and technology > technology > computer science > intelligent systems"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:science and technology:1034988",
        "source_topic_id": 1034988,
        "label": "Electric power stations",
        "concept": "science and technology",
        "breadcrumb": "science and technology > technology > energy technology > power plants"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:science and technology:1034493",
        "source_topic_id": 1034493,
        "label": "Environmental technology",
        "concept": "science and technology",
        "breadcrumb": "science and technology > technology > green technology"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:science and technology:70288",
        "source_topic_id": 70288,
        "label": "Medical technology",
        "concept": "science and technology",
        "breadcrumb": "science and technology > technology > health care technology"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:science and technology:1083666",
        "source_topic_id": 1083666,
        "label": "Technological innovation",
        "concept": "science and technology",
        "breadcrumb": "science and technology > technical progress"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083618",
        "source_topic_id": 1083618,
        "label": "Businesses",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > organizations > businesses"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1012614",
        "source_topic_id": 1012614,
        "label": "Caregivers",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > caregivers"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1034448",
        "source_topic_id": 1034448,
        "label": "Child care",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > childcare"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083610",
        "source_topic_id": 1083610,
        "label": "Community partnerships",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > community partnerships"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1034574",
        "source_topic_id": 1034574,
        "label": "Community services",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > community services"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:42455",
        "source_topic_id": 42455,
        "label": "Corruption",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > crime > corruption"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:44254",
        "source_topic_id": 44254,
        "label": "Discrimination",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > prejudice"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1034923",
        "source_topic_id": 1034923,
        "label": "Drug use",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > drug use"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:99368",
        "source_topic_id": 99368,
        "label": "Elder abuse",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > violence > elder neglect"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:501215",
        "source_topic_id": 501215,
        "label": "Ethics",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > moral values"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:501130",
        "source_topic_id": 501130,
        "label": "Family",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > family"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:41843",
        "source_topic_id": 41843,
        "label": "First Nations",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > indigenous peoples > first nations"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035386",
        "source_topic_id": 1035386,
        "label": "Foster families",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > family > family care home"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:501342",
        "source_topic_id": 501342,
        "label": "Gambling",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > betting"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035444",
        "source_topic_id": 1035444,
        "label": "Gay people",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > minorities > 2slgbtqi+ people > gay people"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035448",
        "source_topic_id": 1035448,
        "label": "Gender discrimination",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > discrimination > sex discrimination"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:866",
        "source_topic_id": 866,
        "label": "Housing",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > housing"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035718",
        "source_topic_id": 1035718,
        "label": "Housing assistance",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social services > housing assistance"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1034462",
        "source_topic_id": 1034462,
        "label": "Human rights",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > fundamental rights"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035790",
        "source_topic_id": 1035790,
        "label": "Immigrants",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > newcomers"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035804",
        "source_topic_id": 1035804,
        "label": "Independent living",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > independent living"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:64116",
        "source_topic_id": 64116,
        "label": "Indigenous affairs",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > indigenous affairs"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:42652",
        "source_topic_id": 42652,
        "label": "Indigenous peoples",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > indigenous peoples"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:44286",
        "source_topic_id": 44286,
        "label": "Indigenous rights",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > native rights"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035901",
        "source_topic_id": 1035901,
        "label": "Innu",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > indigenous peoples > first nations > innu first nation"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1035969",
        "source_topic_id": 1035969,
        "label": "Interpersonal relations",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > interpersonal communication"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:87361",
        "source_topic_id": 87361,
        "label": "Minorities",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > minority groups"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:184310",
        "source_topic_id": 184310,
        "label": "Nationalism",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > nationalism"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083603",
        "source_topic_id": 1083603,
        "label": "Organizations",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > organizations"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083659",
        "source_topic_id": 1083659,
        "label": "Policing",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > policing"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083669",
        "source_topic_id": 1083669,
        "label": "Population",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > human population"
      },
      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1036806",
        "source_topic_id": 1036806,
        "label": "Public opinion",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > public opinion"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:726461",
        "source_topic_id": 726461,
        "label": "Recreational facilities",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > recreational facilities"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:59486",
        "source_topic_id": 59486,
        "label": "Religion",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > religion"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:501152",
        "source_topic_id": 501152,
        "label": "Seniors",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > adults > seniors"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083629",
        "source_topic_id": 1083629,
        "label": "Small businesses",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > organizations > businesses > small and medium-sized enterprises"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1037149",
        "source_topic_id": 1037149,
        "label": "Social assistance",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > public welfare"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1083642",
        "source_topic_id": 1083642,
        "label": "Social innovation",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social innovation"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1037251",
        "source_topic_id": 1037251,
        "label": "Subsidized housing",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social services > nonprofit housing"
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      {
        "code": "topic:society and culture:1037431",
        "source_topic_id": 1037431,
        "label": "Two-spirit people",
        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > minorities > 2slgbtqi+ people > two-spirited people"
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        "code": "topic:society and culture:44374",
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        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > violence > abused women"
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        "code": "topic:society and culture:86962",
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        "concept": "society and culture",
        "breadcrumb": "society and culture > social problems > violence > violence in the workplace"
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        "code": "topic:transport:501176",
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        "concept": "transport",
        "breadcrumb": "transport > transport > accessible transport"
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      {
        "code": "topic:transport:1035585",
        "source_topic_id": 1035585,
        "label": "Harbours",
        "concept": "transport",
        "breadcrumb": "transport > transport > water transport > marine installations > ports"
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      {
        "code": "topic:transport:47471",
        "source_topic_id": 47471,
        "label": "Motor vehicles",
        "concept": "transport",
        "breadcrumb": "transport > transport > road transport > motor vehicles"
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      {
        "code": "topic:transport:45493",
        "source_topic_id": 45493,
        "label": "Public transit",
        "concept": "transport",
        "breadcrumb": "transport > transport > public transit"
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      {
        "code": "topic:transport:718969",
        "source_topic_id": 718969,
        "label": "Vehicles",
        "concept": "transport",
        "breadcrumb": "transport > transport > vehicles"
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      {
        "code": "topic:transport:945736",
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        "concept": "transport",
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        "label": "agriculture"
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        "code": "economics and industry",
        "label": "economics and industry"
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        "label": "education and training"
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        "label": "health and safety"
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        "label": "history and archaeology"
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        "code": "information and communications",
        "label": "information and communications"
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        "code": "labour",
        "label": "labour"
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        "code": "law",
        "label": "law"
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        "code": "nature and environment",
        "label": "nature and environment"
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        "code": "persons",
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        "code": "processes",
        "label": "processes"
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        "code": "science and technology",
        "label": "science and technology"
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        "code": "society and culture",
        "label": "society and culture"
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      "combined_text": "Good evening, British Columbia. Welcome to the only broadcast leaders debate of this 2026 provincial election. We're coming to you tonight from the unceded traditional territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Slewa-tooth nations. My name is Shachi Curle. I'm the president of the Angus Reed Institute and tonight I am your debate moderator. Okay, a few things. First, these questions were developed by journalists from across the province and me. Second, there's a lot going on right now, so we won't be able to get to every issue. Third, all parties represented in the legislature agreed to criteria as a condition of participating tonight. Three of those parties met the criteria, and here are their leaders. Lauren Dirksen of the BC Conservative Party, David Evie of the BCNDP, and Emily Lohan, leader of the BC Greens. Welcome, leaders. Tonight, you will be facing individual questions. You will also have the opportunity to engage in open debate. Your microphones are all live, but if you interrupt or run long, we may cut them. Now, just before we begin, a message from me to all of you. Please remember your audience this evening. It's the people of British Columbia, many of whom are engaging with this campaign for the first time by tuning in tonight. Let's give them a vigorous but respectful debate and one that everyone can hear and understand. These questions have been designed to challenge you and bring out the best responses you have. So please answer them. Okay, ready to begin? Our first topic is leadership, and our first question goes to Mr. Ebe. Nearly two-thirds of British Columbians say it's too soon for another election. You called it when the BC Conservatives were in disarray. You asked for a mandate when you already had a mandate. You said this election was necessary because of Trump's tariffs, even though that is not provincial jurisdiction. This election will cost $90 million. Mr. Ebe, how can anyone believe this snap election is anything less than an opportunistic power grab?",
      "name": "speaker-03",
      "text": "Good evening, British Columbia. Welcome to the only broadcast leaders debate of this 2026 provincial election. We're coming to you tonight from the unceded traditional territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Slewa-tooth nations. My name is Shachi Curle. I'm the president of the Angus Reed Institute and tonight I am your debate moderator. Okay, a few things. First, these questions were developed by journalists from across the province and me. Second, there's a lot going on right now, so we won't be able to get to every issue. Third, all parties represented in the legislature agreed to criteria as a condition of participating tonight. Three of those parties met the criteria, and here are their leaders. Lauren Dirksen of the BC Conservative Party, David Evie of the BCNDP, and Emily Lohan, leader of the BC Greens. Welcome, leaders. Tonight, you will be facing individual questions. You will also have the opportunity to engage in open debate. Your microphones are all live, but if you interrupt or run long, we may cut them. Now, just before we begin, a message from me to all of you. Please remember your audience this evening. It's the people of British Columbia, many of whom are engaging with this campaign for the first time by tuning in tonight. Let's give them a vigorous but respectful debate and one that everyone can hear and understand. These questions have been designed to challenge you and bring out the best responses you have. So please answer them. Okay, ready to begin? Our first topic is leadership, and our first question goes to Mr. Ebe. Nearly two-thirds of British Columbians say it's too soon for another election. You called it when the BC Conservatives were in disarray. You asked for a mandate when you already had a mandate. You said this election was necessary because of Trump's tariffs, even though that is not provincial jurisdiction. This election will cost $90 million. Mr. Ebe, how can anyone believe this snap election is anything less than an opportunistic power grab?",
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            "Good evening, British Columbia.",
            "Welcome to the only broadcast leaders debate of this 2026 provincial election.",
            "We're coming to you tonight from the unceded traditional territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Slewa-tooth nations.",
            "My name is Shachi Curle.",
            "I'm the president of the Angus Reed Institute and tonight I am your debate moderator.",
            "Okay, a few things.",
            "First, these questions were developed by journalists from across the province and me.",
            "Second, there's a lot going on right now, so we won't be able to get to every issue.",
            "Third, all parties represented in the legislature agreed to criteria as a condition of participating tonight.",
            "Three of those parties met the criteria, and here are their leaders.",
            "Lauren Dirksen of the BC Conservative Party, David Evie of the BCNDP, and Emily Lohan, leader of the BC Greens.",
            "Welcome, leaders.",
            "Tonight, you will be facing individual questions.",
            "You will also have the opportunity to engage in open debate.",
            "Your microphones are all live, but if you interrupt or run long, we may cut them.",
            "Now, just before we begin, a message from me to all of you.",
            "Please remember your audience this evening.",
            "It's the people of British Columbia, many of whom are engaging with this campaign for the first time by tuning in tonight.",
            "Let's give them a vigorous but respectful debate and one that everyone can hear and understand.",
            "These questions have been designed to challenge you and bring out the best responses you have.",
            "So please answer them.",
            "Okay, ready to begin?",
            "Our first topic is leadership, and our first question goes to Mr. Ebe.",
            "Nearly two-thirds of British Columbians say it's too soon for another election.",
            "You called it when the BC Conservatives were in disarray.",
            "You asked for a mandate when you already had a mandate.",
            "You said this election was necessary because of Trump's tariffs, even though that is not provincial jurisdiction.",
            "This election will cost $90 million.",
            "Mr. Ebe, how can anyone believe this snap election is anything less than an opportunistic power grab?"
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      "speaker": "david-eby",
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      "combined_text": "Well, thank you, Shachi, for the question. And thank you, British Columbians, for joining us tonight. I'm really glad to be able to address this issue right off the top. Our province, our country, facing an existential moment. And I know for your families at home, you're feeling it too. There's a crucial moment for you. You want government to take action to make sure your job's protected, that we're growing the economy. You're supported with costs like gas and groceries. I need to bring you into where the legislature has been. When you have a one seat majority, after you appoint the speaker, it's tied. And so every vote potentially could bring down the government. Maybe you saw my colleagues voting from hospital beds. Joan Phillip dying of cancer after a tracheal tube removed voted at 4.30 in the morning. Darlene Rochford with her brand new baby. This was not a government that was able to deliver the big swings that you and your family need government to be taking for you. We need a government with representatives from every part of the province that are focused on your priorities, not on culture wars, not on repealing the human rights code, but on the real issues that matter to you and your family.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Well, thank you, Shachi, for the question. And thank you, British Columbians, for joining us tonight. I'm really glad to be able to address this issue right off the top. Our province, our country, facing an existential moment. And I know for your families at home, you're feeling it too. There's a crucial moment for you. You want government to take action to make sure your job's protected, that we're growing the economy. You're supported with costs like gas and groceries. I need to bring you into where the legislature has been. When you have a one seat majority, after you appoint the speaker, it's tied. And so every vote potentially could bring down the government. Maybe you saw my colleagues voting from hospital beds. Joan Phillip dying of cancer after a tracheal tube removed voted at 4.30 in the morning. Darlene Rochford with her brand new baby. This was not a government that was able to deliver the big swings that you and your family need government to be taking for you. We need a government with representatives from every part of the province that are focused on your priorities, not on culture wars, not on repealing the human rights code, but on the real issues that matter to you and your family.",
      "time": "2026-10-14T00:00:00",
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            "Well, thank you, Shachi, for the question.",
            "And thank you, British Columbians, for joining us tonight.",
            "I'm really glad to be able to address this issue right off the top.",
            "Our province, our country, facing an existential moment.",
            "And I know for your families at home, you're feeling it too.",
            "There's a crucial moment for you.",
            "You want government to take action to make sure your job's protected, that we're growing the economy.",
            "You're supported with costs like gas and groceries.",
            "I need to bring you into where the legislature has been.",
            "When you have a one seat majority, after you appoint the speaker, it's tied.",
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            "Maybe you saw my colleagues voting from hospital beds.",
            "Joan Phillip dying of cancer after a tracheal tube removed voted at 4.30 in the morning.",
            "Darlene Rochford with her brand new baby.",
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            "We need a government with representatives from every part of the province that are focused on your priorities, not on culture wars, not on repealing the human rights code, but on the real issues that matter to you and your family."
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            "Thank you, Mr. Ibi.",
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      "combined_text": "I signed up for politics for just one simple reason. It's to make a difference for people in their lives and the issues that matter to them. Issues related to housing, cost of living, your priorities. That's why I'm here. And sitting in a legislature where you are unable to deliver the agenda that British Columbians deserve, that they need in this time to instead pick through the bones of what we know has to happen because our preoccupation is just with the government surviving for another day. It's not good enough. You know, I ran into a young woman in Gastown, my wife and I were downtown, and she said, I want you to do more for the province. I want to do more for the province. But I need every vote not to be a tie vote. I need the support of British Columbians who know that we have to respond in this moment. And we're going to talk tonight about those things that really matter to you. 13 times the conservatives tried to bring down our government, including three weeks after the last election. That's not effective government for you and your family. And that's what I'm looking for.",
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      "text": "I signed up for politics for just one simple reason. It's to make a difference for people in their lives and the issues that matter to them. Issues related to housing, cost of living, your priorities. That's why I'm here. And sitting in a legislature where you are unable to deliver the agenda that British Columbians deserve, that they need in this time to instead pick through the bones of what we know has to happen because our preoccupation is just with the government surviving for another day. It's not good enough. You know, I ran into a young woman in Gastown, my wife and I were downtown, and she said, I want you to do more for the province. I want to do more for the province. But I need every vote not to be a tie vote. I need the support of British Columbians who know that we have to respond in this moment. And we're going to talk tonight about those things that really matter to you. 13 times the conservatives tried to bring down our government, including three weeks after the last election. That's not effective government for you and your family. And that's what I'm looking for.",
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            "Well, thank you very much for that, Shauchi.",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Abbey.",
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      "text": "Thank you very much, Shachi. I will always stand up against hate. I want to just refer to the woman that you're referring to just for a moment, because this is a woman who survived sexual violence, and she acted out in a moment of trauma. She removed the post, and from there, I think she has been very apologetic. The reality is, is that this was a moment of trauma for this woman. I've given her certainly a moment to reflect on that, and I have worked with Katie for a while now. With respect to the other individuals in caucus, there have been challenges on both sides of our chamber and there have been many challenges online. I will lead with an absolute commitment to respect and dignity going forth. I'll expect it for my caucus. Some of these events have happened as long as two years ago. I will definitely bring a different flavor of leadership.",
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            "Well thank you very much.",
            "I am absolutely committed to supercharging the economy in British Columbia and it's such an important note.",
            "The reality is that we've seen the forest industry in peril over the last number of years.",
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      "combined_text": "Healthcare, jobs, economy in this debate. But this section is about leadership, Lorne. And I heard you say two things. I heard you say that hate is not acceptable. And I think that that should be a non-partisan issue for our province. The foundation of our province's success is that this is a welcoming place. You can come here and you can be safe regardless of religion, the color of your skin, where you came from. That is foundational to the success of our economy and our province. And yet I heard you minimize the comments of your campaign director some of them two years ago. Listen, she called the mayor of New York a jihadist mayor. Just three weeks ago, she said, if you're concerned about hate against Muslims, then you have a suicidal empathy. And that is the problem with the West. Her Twitter feed at points reads like the worst corners of the dark web. And you stand here today in the face of a call from national Muslim organizations to say, hey, we need to feel safe in this province. And she's going to continue as your campaign director.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Healthcare, jobs, economy in this debate. But this section is about leadership, Lorne. And I heard you say two things. I heard you say that hate is not acceptable. And I think that that should be a non-partisan issue for our province. The foundation of our province's success is that this is a welcoming place. You can come here and you can be safe regardless of religion, the color of your skin, where you came from. That is foundational to the success of our economy and our province. And yet I heard you minimize the comments of your campaign director some of them two years ago. Listen, she called the mayor of New York a jihadist mayor. Just three weeks ago, she said, if you're concerned about hate against Muslims, then you have a suicidal empathy. And that is the problem with the West. Her Twitter feed at points reads like the worst corners of the dark web. And you stand here today in the face of a call from national Muslim organizations to say, hey, we need to feel safe in this province. And she's going to continue as your campaign director.",
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            "Healthcare, jobs, economy in this debate.",
            "But this section is about leadership, Lorne.",
            "And I heard you say two things.",
            "I heard you say that hate is not acceptable.",
            "And I think that that should be a non-partisan issue for our province.",
            "The foundation of our province's success is that this is a welcoming place.",
            "You can come here and you can be safe regardless of religion, the color of your skin, where you came from.",
            "That is foundational to the success of our economy and our province.",
            "And yet I heard you minimize the comments of your campaign director some of them two years ago.",
            "Listen, she called the mayor of New York a jihadist mayor.",
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            "And that is the problem with the West.",
            "Her Twitter feed at points reads like the worst corners of the dark web.",
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            "And she's going to continue as your campaign director."
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      "combined_text": "Mr. Ubi, let me make this clear. You had a woman leave your caucus because either they didn't feel safe or they didn't feel supported with respect to comments made by many in your caucus room. You have somebody right now that is denouncing police in this province. You wrote a book about how to sue the police. Trust me when I say this, that is not leadership in this province. You currently have The past attorney general with racism on her own social media. The reality is this has happened. It's a serious issue. But what shocks me the most, Mr. Eby, is that you would come after this woman who has been absolutely been the survivor of sexual violence in this province. And the fact that I've given her grace, I would have hoped that you might have too.",
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      "text": "Mr. Ubi, let me make this clear. You had a woman leave your caucus because either they didn't feel safe or they didn't feel supported with respect to comments made by many in your caucus room. You have somebody right now that is denouncing police in this province. You wrote a book about how to sue the police. Trust me when I say this, that is not leadership in this province. You currently have The past attorney general with racism on her own social media. The reality is this has happened. It's a serious issue. But what shocks me the most, Mr. Eby, is that you would come after this woman who has been absolutely been the survivor of sexual violence in this province. And the fact that I've given her grace, I would have hoped that you might have too.",
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            "Okay, thank you.",
            "It is now time for us to move on to another big section, the economy and government spending.",
            "BC is facing a record never seen before, $13.8 billion deficit.",
            "It is a massive swing from the nearly $6 billion surplus from four years ago.",
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            "is now the fourth largest expense in the BC budget.",
            "Our first question goes to Mr. Dirksen.",
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            "You also say British Columbians will continue to receive the same levels of service they've had.",
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      "combined_text": "Well, thank you very much, Shachi, for the question. I will fully fund, and I want to be clear about this, because there's been some misleading information. I will fully fund health care in this province. We absolutely have to. Under the NDP, we've seen absolute crisis in this field. Look, I have made it clear that we are going to cut through red tape in this province and all of the bureaucracy that is holding us back so badly. The reality is we have to grow our economy in this province. It's absolutely fundamentally the case. And we haven't seen that. We haven't seen that in the last number of years and we have to get back to some basics in this province. We have a forest industry that the infrastructure is there but we have to support that industry to grow it. We're talking about billions of dollars between forestry LNG, even some improvements in the liquor industry with respect to craft beer, wine and spirits in this province, there is an opportunity like never before to grow income in this province. I will fully fund health care, fully fund our frontline, but we will be looking for savings wherever we can.",
      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "Well, thank you very much, Shachi, for the question. I will fully fund, and I want to be clear about this, because there's been some misleading information. I will fully fund health care in this province. We absolutely have to. Under the NDP, we've seen absolute crisis in this field. Look, I have made it clear that we are going to cut through red tape in this province and all of the bureaucracy that is holding us back so badly. The reality is we have to grow our economy in this province. It's absolutely fundamentally the case. And we haven't seen that. We haven't seen that in the last number of years and we have to get back to some basics in this province. We have a forest industry that the infrastructure is there but we have to support that industry to grow it. We're talking about billions of dollars between forestry LNG, even some improvements in the liquor industry with respect to craft beer, wine and spirits in this province, there is an opportunity like never before to grow income in this province. I will fully fund health care, fully fund our frontline, but we will be looking for savings wherever we can.",
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            "Well, thank you very much, Shachi, for the question.",
            "I will fully fund, and I want to be clear about this, because there's been some misleading information.",
            "I will fully fund health care in this province.",
            "We absolutely have to.",
            "Under the NDP, we've seen absolute crisis in this field.",
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            "LNG, even some improvements in the liquor industry with respect to craft beer, wine and spirits in this province, there is an opportunity like never before to grow income in this province.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. To you, Ms. Lowen, we've been talking about the green economy for more than 20 years. It has yet to demonstrate that it can fully replace resource industry revenues that generate jobs, investment, and pay for hospitals, schools, and infrastructure. How can you be a serious contender for Premier if you are willing to sacrifice those jobs in the short to medium term?",
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. To you, Ms. Lowen, we've been talking about the green economy for more than 20 years. It has yet to demonstrate that it can fully replace resource industry revenues that generate jobs, investment, and pay for hospitals, schools, and infrastructure. How can you be a serious contender for Premier if you are willing to sacrifice those jobs in the short to medium term?",
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      "text": "Shachi, British Columbians at home know that the previous government closed 250 schools. They saw those schools close in their communities. They fought those school closures because they knew it was the wrong thing to do. Then the land was sold. We built expanded 250 schools, 60,000 seats across the province. People of Fort St. James went to hospital in a building that was meant to be temporary. It was built in the 70s. 50 years later, it's still there. We built a new hospital there as well as 24, 23 other newer expanded hospitals. The so-called balanced budgets that the previous government delivered were balanced on the backs of British Columbians. And we will never do that. I'll make sure that we grow the economy. We address wasteful spending. But I have to say, To show up to the leader's debate after making $5 billion in promises for the conservative leader to be here without explaining, without giving British Columbians the dignity, you at home to know where that $5 billion is going to come from. This vague platitudes aren't going to pay for $5 billion. British Columbians deserve an explanation. because we know what conservatives do when they need money. They cut, they destroyed seniors' care in this province, they closed schools, and they'll do it again.",
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            "Shachi, British Columbians at home know that the previous government closed 250 schools.",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Eby.",
            "That's time.",
            "Back now to open debate, and I'd like to hear from each of you leaders.",
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      "combined_text": "All right, thank you, leaders. On to our next section. There are government finances, and then there is the cost of living, getting to school and work, running your household and feeding your family. Ms. Lohan, first to you, your party is promising free transit, more $10 a day childcare, more non-market housing, and higher assistance rates. And that may all sound very appealing to voters. How are you going to pay for it?",
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      "text": "All right, thank you, leaders. On to our next section. There are government finances, and then there is the cost of living, getting to school and work, running your household and feeding your family. Ms. Lohan, first to you, your party is promising free transit, more $10 a day childcare, more non-market housing, and higher assistance rates. And that may all sound very appealing to voters. How are you going to pay for it?",
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            "All right, thank you, leaders.",
            "On to our next section.",
            "There are government finances, and then there is the cost of living, getting to school and work, running your household and feeding your family.",
            "Ms. Lohan, first to you, your party is promising free transit, more $10 a day childcare, more non-market housing, and higher assistance rates.",
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            "So we've seen this play out in several other jurisdictions.",
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            "Mr. Ebe, now to you.",
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      "combined_text": "Thanks, Sachi, and thanks for the chance to address this issue. You know, we had our kid in our neighborhood childcare center. Consider ourselves fortunate to have a spot, as I know many British Columbians understand that feeling. We've created tens of thousands of spaces, 60,000 actually, across the province. It's not enough. We've got to do more. It converted over to a $10 a day model. Kayleigh and I talked about it. We didn't feel comfortable taking that benefit. So we donated the difference to the nonprofit service provider that provides that childcare. But let's talk honestly about what the Conservative plan is for childcare. Again, Heather Moss, government house leader for Mr. Dirksen, is very clear she wants to eliminate the childcare program that we have here in the province. Our proposal is simple, to expand it. We'll have an announcement about how we're going to add thousands and thousands of new spaces across the province before and after school care. But Mr. Dirksen and his team, unable to explain how they're going to fund the $5 billion in promises, will be coming for childcare. And Ms. Maz was very clear about that.",
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      "text": "Thanks, Sachi, and thanks for the chance to address this issue. You know, we had our kid in our neighborhood childcare center. Consider ourselves fortunate to have a spot, as I know many British Columbians understand that feeling. We've created tens of thousands of spaces, 60,000 actually, across the province. It's not enough. We've got to do more. It converted over to a $10 a day model. Kayleigh and I talked about it. We didn't feel comfortable taking that benefit. So we donated the difference to the nonprofit service provider that provides that childcare. But let's talk honestly about what the Conservative plan is for childcare. Again, Heather Moss, government house leader for Mr. Dirksen, is very clear she wants to eliminate the childcare program that we have here in the province. Our proposal is simple, to expand it. We'll have an announcement about how we're going to add thousands and thousands of new spaces across the province before and after school care. But Mr. Dirksen and his team, unable to explain how they're going to fund the $5 billion in promises, will be coming for childcare. And Ms. Maz was very clear about that.",
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            "Thanks, Sachi, and thanks for the chance to address this issue.",
            "You know, we had our kid in our neighborhood childcare center.",
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            "Kayleigh and I talked about it.",
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            "So we donated the difference to the nonprofit service provider that provides that childcare.",
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. EB. Mr. Dirksen, you've promised to replace ICBC's no-fault system with a hybrid model that would allow more big-money lawsuits. Personal injury lawyers want this. They've lobbied for it, but many British Columbians worry it will drive up their own insurance premiums, especially after seeing their rates noticeably fall under the current system. Mr. Dirksen, will you take the opportunity right here, right now to guarantee that drivers will not pay a penny more under your plan?",
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            "Thank you, Mr. EB.",
            "Mr. Dirksen, you've promised to replace ICBC's no-fault system with a hybrid model that would allow more big-money lawsuits.",
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      "combined_text": "I will say this, Shaqi, this is a very serious topic in this province and it's one that seems to be ignored by many. I am committed to keeping our rates very competitive in British Columbia. British Columbians, of course, want that. But on the other side of that, when you speak with a woman in the Kootenays who has lost her daughter and two of her grandchildren in a car accident that had simply a tire blow on the front end of a logging truck. And that there has been no compensation for supports for that family, no compensation for those children going forward at this point, that the children that survived the accident. It's shocking to me that we're having this debate. We will put guardrails in place that will protect the rates for British Columbians by making sure that there are caps on what lawyers can charge. But I will not let those individuals down that have frankly been let down for a number of years under this no-fault scheme. It is not working for those that are catastrophically injured, those that have been hurt so badly. It is not working and it is not serving them well.",
      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "I will say this, Shaqi, this is a very serious topic in this province and it's one that seems to be ignored by many. I am committed to keeping our rates very competitive in British Columbia. British Columbians, of course, want that. But on the other side of that, when you speak with a woman in the Kootenays who has lost her daughter and two of her grandchildren in a car accident that had simply a tire blow on the front end of a logging truck. And that there has been no compensation for supports for that family, no compensation for those children going forward at this point, that the children that survived the accident. It's shocking to me that we're having this debate. We will put guardrails in place that will protect the rates for British Columbians by making sure that there are caps on what lawyers can charge. But I will not let those individuals down that have frankly been let down for a number of years under this no-fault scheme. It is not working for those that are catastrophically injured, those that have been hurt so badly. It is not working and it is not serving them well.",
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            "I will say this, Shaqi, this is a very serious topic in this province and it's one that seems to be ignored by many.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. Now it's time to come back to open debate. Voters want to know one thing, well, they want to know a lot of things, but they want to know certainly on this particular issue. Which of you is the most competent to manage BC's economy and why, Mr. Ebe, you may begin. This is open debate.",
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. Now it's time to come back to open debate. Voters want to know one thing, well, they want to know a lot of things, but they want to know certainly on this particular issue. Which of you is the most competent to manage BC's economy and why, Mr. Ebe, you may begin. This is open debate.",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen.",
            "Now it's time to come back to open debate.",
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      "combined_text": "Thanks. It's hard to imagine for British Columbia families facing an affordability crisis that the Conservatives would do what they're planning to do on car insurance. Now look, the enhanced care system is not perfect. We built a five-year review into it from witnesses. We've had a negative experience with the system. We've got to fix those issues. But the idea that you're going to open up the doors to personal injury lawyers again. I want to take British Columbians back to the dumpster fire of ICBC losing a billion dollars a year, 30% rate increases slated for British Columbians in a single year, some of the most expensive insurance in Canada. How much is it making now? And why are you giving that back to British Columbians, David? Now, Lauren, you want to move British Columbians to the Alberta system or the Ontario system. It's more than double. Who's going to pay for those lawyers, Lorne? Where's that money going to come from? It's coming from the pockets of British Columbians, the personal injury lawyers who make you man up a year, Lorne. But unfortunately, that's going to come out of the pockets of British Columbians with doubled insurance rates.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Thanks. It's hard to imagine for British Columbia families facing an affordability crisis that the Conservatives would do what they're planning to do on car insurance. Now look, the enhanced care system is not perfect. We built a five-year review into it from witnesses. We've had a negative experience with the system. We've got to fix those issues. But the idea that you're going to open up the doors to personal injury lawyers again. I want to take British Columbians back to the dumpster fire of ICBC losing a billion dollars a year, 30% rate increases slated for British Columbians in a single year, some of the most expensive insurance in Canada. How much is it making now? And why are you giving that back to British Columbians, David? Now, Lauren, you want to move British Columbians to the Alberta system or the Ontario system. It's more than double. Who's going to pay for those lawyers, Lorne? Where's that money going to come from? It's coming from the pockets of British Columbians, the personal injury lawyers who make you man up a year, Lorne. But unfortunately, that's going to come out of the pockets of British Columbians with doubled insurance rates.",
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            "Thanks.",
            "It's hard to imagine for British Columbia families facing an affordability crisis that the Conservatives would do what they're planning to do on car insurance.",
            "Now look, the enhanced care system is not perfect.",
            "We built a five-year review into it from witnesses.",
            "We've had a negative experience with the system.",
            "We've got to fix those issues.",
            "But the idea that you're going to open up the doors to personal injury lawyers again.",
            "I want to take British Columbians back to the dumpster fire of ICBC losing a billion dollars a year, 30% rate increases slated for British Columbians in a single year, some of the most expensive insurance in Canada.",
            "How much is it making now?",
            "And why are you giving that back to British Columbians, David?",
            "Now, Lauren, you want to move British Columbians to the Alberta system or the Ontario system.",
            "It's more than double.",
            "Who's going to pay for those lawyers, Lorne?",
            "Where's that money going to come from?",
            "It's coming from the pockets of British Columbians, the personal injury lawyers who make you man up a year, Lorne.",
            "But unfortunately, that's going to come out of the pockets of British Columbians with doubled insurance rates."
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            "Well there's a number of things that I think are happening in this space and of course we're all concerned about this.",
            "I mean we see youth now priced out of our real estate market which is shocking and I've seen my own daughters struggle through that and the challenges that are in front of them.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. Ms. Lowen, to you. Some British Columbians want housing prices to come down, but others are counting on their home, their largest asset, to set themselves and their families up for the future. You talk about decommodifying housing, but what about those who have stretched and scrimped and saved to afford their home? Whose investments are you prepared to devalue?",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Ms. Lohan. Mr. EBTU, for a decade your government pushed density and ever-increasing supply, even, as mentioned, against the wishes of many communities worried they couldn't absorb it. Now there are thousands of new condos in BC sitting unsold because they don't suit buyers' needs. Instead of allowing the market to correct, you offered to bail out the developers. My question is, who have you really been listening to on this file, British Columbians or real estate executives?",
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      "text": "Thank you, Ms. Lohan. Mr. EBTU, for a decade your government pushed density and ever-increasing supply, even, as mentioned, against the wishes of many communities worried they couldn't absorb it. Now there are thousands of new condos in BC sitting unsold because they don't suit buyers' needs. Instead of allowing the market to correct, you offered to bail out the developers. My question is, who have you really been listening to on this file, British Columbians or real estate executives?",
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            "Thank you, Ms. Lohan.",
            "Mr. EBTU, for a decade your government pushed density and ever-increasing supply, even, as mentioned, against the wishes of many communities worried they couldn't absorb it.",
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      "combined_text": "Yeah, wow, Shachi, that's not correct, and I'm happy for the opportunity to set the record straight. It's hard to think of something more important for British Columbians than a home, you know, if you're looking for a young person looking to set up your life. If you're a senior, you've paid your dues, you want a safe place to live, housing is fundamental. And I'll admit, I'm a bit of a housing nerd. I really believe that we can address housing issues and ensure the British Columbians get those homes. And in fact, we're seeing that. I know not every British Columbian is feeling it yet, but 24 months in a row, rents have been decreasing year over year in British Columbia. That's because we have built so much rental housing, sometimes in partnership with developers, sometimes directly. We've also asked communities to take on more homes. Shachi, you're absolutely right about that. And our argument was when we build more homes to buy, prices will come down for British Columbians. But what we've seen is now 5,000 vacant, brand new condos behind locked doors. With the developers who built them, thanks to our rule changes, refusing to make them available at the price British Columbians want to pay. We'll make sure that they release those homes, give them a year to sell them, and if they don't, we'll put an additional tax on just like we did with the vacant homes that people were holding as investments. And it opened up 10,000 homes for rent for British Columbians.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Yeah, wow, Shachi, that's not correct, and I'm happy for the opportunity to set the record straight. It's hard to think of something more important for British Columbians than a home, you know, if you're looking for a young person looking to set up your life. If you're a senior, you've paid your dues, you want a safe place to live, housing is fundamental. And I'll admit, I'm a bit of a housing nerd. I really believe that we can address housing issues and ensure the British Columbians get those homes. And in fact, we're seeing that. I know not every British Columbian is feeling it yet, but 24 months in a row, rents have been decreasing year over year in British Columbia. That's because we have built so much rental housing, sometimes in partnership with developers, sometimes directly. We've also asked communities to take on more homes. Shachi, you're absolutely right about that. And our argument was when we build more homes to buy, prices will come down for British Columbians. But what we've seen is now 5,000 vacant, brand new condos behind locked doors. With the developers who built them, thanks to our rule changes, refusing to make them available at the price British Columbians want to pay. We'll make sure that they release those homes, give them a year to sell them, and if they don't, we'll put an additional tax on just like we did with the vacant homes that people were holding as investments. And it opened up 10,000 homes for rent for British Columbians.",
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            "Yeah, wow, Shachi, that's not correct, and I'm happy for the opportunity to set the record straight.",
            "It's hard to think of something more important for British Columbians than a home, you know, if you're looking for a young person looking to set up your life.",
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            "I just struggle to imagine a world in which if I was premier, that would be my first to cut.",
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            "And the goal is to deliver as much housing as possible.",
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            "faster, get rid of red tape and then simultaneously send everybody back to endless hearings at City Hall about whether or not to build a townhouse.",
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      "text": "The reality is you have no right telling the people of Penticton or Terrace or wherever how to build what to build. You can certainly not dictate that. That's number one. Number two. The problem is that the relationship with a number of the housing projects that I've seen in communities is that you've built these facilities that are not managed in any way. You've got open drug use in some of them. Communities are pushing back on that. There's no security in these facilities. It's shocking. But what really is most frustrating about the housing program is that we have an opportunity in British Columbia to allow seniors to age in place and stay in their home, and you attack that as well through yet another putative tax against our senior citizens.",
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            "If there's an issue that I lie awake about at night, it's the issue of healthcare.",
            "We have an aging population.",
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            "We have a growing population.",
            "And the miraculous cures that are being offered are wildly expensive.",
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            "You know, will the new medical school go ahead under the conservatives with a $5 billion spend without any explanation of how they're going to pay for it?",
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            "I don't know.",
            "But I know that I stand up for healthcare for British Columbians and delivering more care through a practical plan that will actually deliver more scanners, more healthcare workers, and better results for British Columbians."
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. EB. Mr. Dirksen, to you, there are many who would argue there is a limit to what more money can do to improve the health care system. Some say it is time to try something else. Let's get you on the record tonight. Will you rule in or rule out introducing private or hybrid health care delivery? Rule it in or rule it out.",
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. EB. Mr. Dirksen, to you, there are many who would argue there is a limit to what more money can do to improve the health care system. Some say it is time to try something else. Let's get you on the record tonight. Will you rule in or rule out introducing private or hybrid health care delivery? Rule it in or rule it out.",
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            "Thank you, Mr. EB.",
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      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "I want a fully public system that everyone in this province can access. Now, Mr. Evie just suggested that he's got a plan, although I didn't hear it there. The frustrating thing is that there are things that we can be doing in this province within the budgets that we're working in now. There are nurses sitting on the sidelines right now that don't want to go to work because they don't feel safe in their own hospital. because they have faced attacks from strangers that have come in there for help. The reality is we've committed to making sure that there will be security inside of our ERs and inside of our hospitals. That is not something that has occurred under this government. We will also commit a $50 million fund to bolster our ERs that are closing right now. There are hospitals in this province that have been closed every night for ages. Mr. Ebe has talked about UPCC's, but he doesn't talk about the Ashcroft Hospital that is no longer a hospital. It's a UPCC. They just simply changed the sign on the front of the hospital. It's shocking to me to see what's happening. And you know, Shachi, so many British Columbians are up at night. Just like David Ebe might be concerned about this, our British Columbians are up at night worried that their hospital is closed when they need it most.",
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            "Okay, leaders, I'm going to ask each of you the same question.",
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            "I'm going to ask and start this question to you first, Ms. Lowen.",
            "Long-term care capacity isn't keeping up with a growing population of BC seniors.",
            "The current government hasn't built several promised long-term care projects.",
            "Meantime, those who stay at home have no choice, who want to stay at home and age in place have no choice but to increasingly rely on family members who are at risk of burning out.",
            "So to each of you, one at a time, what is your plan to alleviate the pressure on seniors and family caregivers in this province?"
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      "speaker": "emily-lowan",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you for the question. This is hitting just a crisis point in our province. I've talked to many family doctors, ER doctors, who see the gap in our ER systems where we're not bringing in the long-term care beds. And this is something that the NDP has also removed funding for in their last budget. And those long-term care beds are so important to triage in the ER. And we've seen doctors actually walk off their shifts because they feel that they are operating under such unsafe conditions. And we have just Our seniors are receiving care. Their first point of care is the emergency room. Oftentimes, they don't have access to a family doctor, and they're being treated in hallways. That is undignified, and it is completely unacceptable. We need to ensure that we have wraparound supports for seniors to age in their homes with safety, care, and dignity, and that's exactly what the BC Greens will deliver.",
      "name": "emily-lowan",
      "text": "Thank you for the question. This is hitting just a crisis point in our province. I've talked to many family doctors, ER doctors, who see the gap in our ER systems where we're not bringing in the long-term care beds. And this is something that the NDP has also removed funding for in their last budget. And those long-term care beds are so important to triage in the ER. And we've seen doctors actually walk off their shifts because they feel that they are operating under such unsafe conditions. And we have just Our seniors are receiving care. Their first point of care is the emergency room. Oftentimes, they don't have access to a family doctor, and they're being treated in hallways. That is undignified, and it is completely unacceptable. We need to ensure that we have wraparound supports for seniors to age in their homes with safety, care, and dignity, and that's exactly what the BC Greens will deliver.",
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            "And now, because of standardization, we're able to bring the cost down so we can do even more, including the Oak Bay Lodge in Oak Bay Gordon Head.",
            "Seniors deserve long-term care.",
            "If they can stay home in their own home, that's where we want you to be.",
            "But let's not forget what happened under the previous Conservative government.",
            "Back then they were called BC Liberals.",
            "Nine out of ten long-term care homes in the province did meet government standards for a bath for a senior.",
            "What was that standard?",
            "One bath a week and they didn't meet the standard.",
            "It will happen again.",
            "under Lauren Dirksen's cut."
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. E.B., to you, Mr. Dirksen, same question.",
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      "combined_text": "Talk about fear mongering, Mr. E.B., the reality is you refuse to talk about your own record in this province, which is one of devastation. It doesn't matter what we talk about, whether it's health care, forestry, it's not going to matter. Your mismanagement of this province has been devastating. The reality is is that there was an opportunity in your plan to help seniors stay and age in place, but you chose not to do that. The reality is many of our seniors have reached out and have explained that this is a very serious part of their yearly budgeting. Obviously, we want to help with that, not only to reverse that decision made by David E.B. and the NDP, and we will roll back to what we had under the previous rules around deferral of your property taxes. But more than that, we have offered $1,000 saving on your tax and this is absolutely aimed at that lowest tax earner under $32,000 and I can tell you that there are many seniors that fit that category that I know that this will help with but I also wanted to suggest that there are a number of ways that you could have also helped with some of the housing projects that already exist by providing security and making sure that seniors felt safe in those properties.",
      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "Talk about fear mongering, Mr. E.B., the reality is you refuse to talk about your own record in this province, which is one of devastation. It doesn't matter what we talk about, whether it's health care, forestry, it's not going to matter. Your mismanagement of this province has been devastating. The reality is is that there was an opportunity in your plan to help seniors stay and age in place, but you chose not to do that. The reality is many of our seniors have reached out and have explained that this is a very serious part of their yearly budgeting. Obviously, we want to help with that, not only to reverse that decision made by David E.B. and the NDP, and we will roll back to what we had under the previous rules around deferral of your property taxes. But more than that, we have offered $1,000 saving on your tax and this is absolutely aimed at that lowest tax earner under $32,000 and I can tell you that there are many seniors that fit that category that I know that this will help with but I also wanted to suggest that there are a number of ways that you could have also helped with some of the housing projects that already exist by providing security and making sure that seniors felt safe in those properties.",
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      "combined_text": "All right. We do have to move on from this topic. We have a new topic to discuss and that is about the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, commonly known as DRIPA. This law requires all of BC's other laws to align with the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People. First question to you, Mr. Ebe. You were the Attorney General in 2019. The legislation was written and passed on your watch. Because of DRIPA, recent court decisions have raised questions for private property owners Some British Columbians now fear they don't own their own land. So Mr. Ebe, why didn't you anticipate or clearly communicate, either then or now, about the impacts of this law on court cases, the reconciliation process, and people's understandings of private property rights?",
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      "text": "All right. We do have to move on from this topic. We have a new topic to discuss and that is about the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, commonly known as DRIPA. This law requires all of BC's other laws to align with the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People. First question to you, Mr. Ebe. You were the Attorney General in 2019. The legislation was written and passed on your watch. Because of DRIPA, recent court decisions have raised questions for private property owners Some British Columbians now fear they don't own their own land. So Mr. Ebe, why didn't you anticipate or clearly communicate, either then or now, about the impacts of this law on court cases, the reconciliation process, and people's understandings of private property rights?",
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            "All right.",
            "We do have to move on from this topic.",
            "We have a new topic to discuss and that is about the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, commonly known as DRIPA.",
            "This law requires all of BC's other laws to align with the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People.",
            "First question to you, Mr. Ebe.",
            "You were the Attorney General in 2019.",
            "The legislation was written and passed on your watch.",
            "Because of DRIPA, recent court decisions have raised questions for private property owners",
            "Some British Columbians now fear they don't own their own land.",
            "So Mr. Ebe, why didn't you anticipate or clearly communicate, either then or now, about the impacts of this law on court cases, the reconciliation process, and people's understandings of private property rights?"
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      "combined_text": "Thanks. This is an absolutely crucial issue. It is true. We have had a couple of challenging court decisions. I hope to explain to British Columbia and something else that's true. There are two cornerstones to our success as a province. One is if we want to be successful. If we want to take advantage of the incredible prosperity out there, there's only one path forward. And that's in partnership with the indigenous people of this province. The reason why we're leading Canada in major projects, the major projects office, the reason why we've been able to open so many mines, the reason why we were able to do LNG Canada phase two, all of these projects, the reason why these things are happening is because we have entered into those partnerships that are enabled by this law. But another thing is true too, when you own your private property, you need to know what you have and you need to know what you can do with it. So that's why, of course, we are appealing these court decisions. We're going to ensure that we're protecting private property. British Columbians also need to know that we cannot afford to have these major projects tied up in the courts and not delivering jobs and opportunity for British Columbians. But not only that, when we work together, this province can be an amazing, incredible place and will deliver way beyond anyone's expectations.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Thanks. This is an absolutely crucial issue. It is true. We have had a couple of challenging court decisions. I hope to explain to British Columbia and something else that's true. There are two cornerstones to our success as a province. One is if we want to be successful. If we want to take advantage of the incredible prosperity out there, there's only one path forward. And that's in partnership with the indigenous people of this province. The reason why we're leading Canada in major projects, the major projects office, the reason why we've been able to open so many mines, the reason why we were able to do LNG Canada phase two, all of these projects, the reason why these things are happening is because we have entered into those partnerships that are enabled by this law. But another thing is true too, when you own your private property, you need to know what you have and you need to know what you can do with it. So that's why, of course, we are appealing these court decisions. We're going to ensure that we're protecting private property. British Columbians also need to know that we cannot afford to have these major projects tied up in the courts and not delivering jobs and opportunity for British Columbians. But not only that, when we work together, this province can be an amazing, incredible place and will deliver way beyond anyone's expectations.",
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            "I hope to explain to British Columbia and something else that's true.",
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            "If we want to take advantage of the incredible prosperity out there, there's only one path forward.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. Ebe. Now to you, Mr. Dirksen. DRIPA passed unanimously. People who sit in your caucus voted for it. You've said you'll repeal DRIPA. First Nations reject any attempt to change or repeal this legislation. They say that that abandons reconciliation and takes BC back in time. Some Indigenous leaders have promised that any attempts to walk it back will be met with lawsuits, so how are you going to prevent the political conflict that will inevitably bring?",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Ebe.",
            "Now to you, Mr. Dirksen.",
            "DRIPA passed unanimously.",
            "People who sit in your caucus voted for it.",
            "You've said you'll repeal DRIPA.",
            "First Nations reject any attempt to change or repeal this legislation.",
            "They say that that abandons reconciliation and takes BC back in time.",
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      "combined_text": "Well, thank you very much, Shaqi. Certainly there are some indigenous leaders that have suggested that potentially this might not be the best legislation for British Columbians. And the reality is that DRIPA has to be repealed in this province. I'm committed to doing that for a number of reasons. First off, it has not helped British Columbia. It has created more division on the landscape than I have ever seen in my life. And this legislation is not that old. The reality is is that we are more divided on this topic than ever before. There has to be a better path forward and that is through respect and relations and certainly partnerships with First Nations in this province and I'm absolutely committed to that. We have to ensure private property rights for owners. We have to ensure that tenures that exist on the landscape are also protected in some way And if we share in that wealth, that's fantastic. But DRIPA is not solving the issue in British Columbia. And frankly, the court cases are rampant throughout the province. And there are issues with docks in Pender Harbor. There are issues with other mining claims and other smaller situations throughout the entire province. And it has to be repealed, Chachi.",
      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "Well, thank you very much, Shaqi. Certainly there are some indigenous leaders that have suggested that potentially this might not be the best legislation for British Columbians. And the reality is that DRIPA has to be repealed in this province. I'm committed to doing that for a number of reasons. First off, it has not helped British Columbia. It has created more division on the landscape than I have ever seen in my life. And this legislation is not that old. The reality is is that we are more divided on this topic than ever before. There has to be a better path forward and that is through respect and relations and certainly partnerships with First Nations in this province and I'm absolutely committed to that. We have to ensure private property rights for owners. We have to ensure that tenures that exist on the landscape are also protected in some way And if we share in that wealth, that's fantastic. But DRIPA is not solving the issue in British Columbia. And frankly, the court cases are rampant throughout the province. And there are issues with docks in Pender Harbor. There are issues with other mining claims and other smaller situations throughout the entire province. And it has to be repealed, Chachi.",
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            "Well, thank you very much, Shaqi.",
            "Certainly there are some indigenous leaders that have suggested that potentially this might not be the best legislation for British Columbians.",
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            "I'm committed to doing that for a number of reasons.",
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            "And this legislation is not that old.",
            "The reality is is that we are more divided on this topic than ever before.",
            "There has to be a better path forward and that is through respect and relations and certainly partnerships with First Nations in this province and I'm absolutely committed to that.",
            "We have to ensure private property rights for owners.",
            "We have to ensure that tenures that exist on the landscape are also protected in some way",
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            "But DRIPA is not solving the issue in British Columbia.",
            "And frankly, the court cases are rampant throughout the province.",
            "And there are issues with docks in Pender Harbor.",
            "There are issues with other mining claims and other smaller situations throughout the entire province.",
            "And it has to be repealed, Chachi."
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            "Certainly we take the advice of First Nations leaders on this issue, and they've been unequivocal in saying that we must do the work of implementing DRIPA.",
            "And frankly, when we talk about certainty, the",
            "The uncertainty that has been sown over the last year has been from a premier who can't seem to make up his mind.",
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      "combined_text": "We need a government that is actually willing and prepared to do the hard work of reconciliation. Thank you, Ms. Lohan. That is time. And we are moving to open debate on this subject. Passing DRIPA has had consequences. Repealing DRIPA will have consequences. We'd like to hear which one of you believes you are best to navigate this. Mr. Dirksen, we start with you. And why?",
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      "text": "We need a government that is actually willing and prepared to do the hard work of reconciliation. Thank you, Ms. Lohan. That is time. And we are moving to open debate on this subject. Passing DRIPA has had consequences. Repealing DRIPA will have consequences. We'd like to hear which one of you believes you are best to navigate this. Mr. Dirksen, we start with you. And why?",
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            "We need a government that is actually willing and prepared to do the hard work of reconciliation.",
            "Thank you, Ms. Lohan.",
            "That is time.",
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      "text": "Well, thank you very much. I will agree with a few points that Ms. Lohan has introduced with respect to the chaos that has been created by Mr. Ebe on this subject. And the reason that I say that is that we have had an opportunity to have this conversation yet again in the fall session of our legislature where Mr. Ebe made promises to all British Columbians that he may amend, or he might change, or we would be allowed to debate. The reality is we haven't had that opportunity. And the division that has been created by this government and by the NDP is staggering. And with respect to people on the landscape, I can give absolute examples. In fact, I have given them in the legislature with respect to people that have lost livelihoods over very serious situations and very serious conflict that have seen themselves in courts. And that challenge is real for British Columbians. And I know you make your living in the legislature, David.",
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      "text": "That's ridiculous. And I have to keep you moving on that front and on that note. We're moving on to public safety now. BC business owners have been victimized by extortion. Many British Columbians say they feel unsafe because of public drug use. and street disorder often caused by repeat offenders. Mr. Dirksen, you promised more police officers, more crown prosecutors, more treatment beds, and more mental health support. All of this costs money. You've said no new taxes. What are you prepared to cut to pay for at all?",
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      "combined_text": "This is a massive problem. I mean, some of the infrastructure is there. We've talked a little bit this evening about housing projects that exist, but they're managed poorly. We have people that are unhoused throughout this entire province, and the reality is that what is missing from this equation is a robust treatment plan for individuals that are dealing with challenges that, frankly, many cannot even fully understand. I want to support our residents that are dealing with these challenges through treatment, through the housing that some of it we already have, and certainly I would commit to wanting to build more. But also we have to protect our residents Shawchee. We cannot have the random attacks the other day making this announcement just the day before. A visitor was pushed into traffic, gunfire was taking place in a restaurant. The reality is we have to bolster our police force, not just with new police people, not just with RCMP but we obviously have to commit to support services for them as well because they need to be on the street and the reality is we need more help on our streets right now.",
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      "text": "This is a massive problem. I mean, some of the infrastructure is there. We've talked a little bit this evening about housing projects that exist, but they're managed poorly. We have people that are unhoused throughout this entire province, and the reality is that what is missing from this equation is a robust treatment plan for individuals that are dealing with challenges that, frankly, many cannot even fully understand. I want to support our residents that are dealing with these challenges through treatment, through the housing that some of it we already have, and certainly I would commit to wanting to build more. But also we have to protect our residents Shawchee. We cannot have the random attacks the other day making this announcement just the day before. A visitor was pushed into traffic, gunfire was taking place in a restaurant. The reality is we have to bolster our police force, not just with new police people, not just with RCMP but we obviously have to commit to support services for them as well because they need to be on the street and the reality is we need more help on our streets right now.",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen.",
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            "E.B., you've been Premier for four years through this time.",
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      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Thanks, Shrachi. For the folks at home, you need to feel safe in your community. And that's not just in relation to violent crime, just the sense of safety that you have in your community when you're walking down the street. It's basic and it's fundamental. The work that we've done to date has been about targeting violent repeat offenders, repeat property crime offenders. We worked in Surrey to address the extortion issue. It's hard work, international work. The RCMP worked with the FBI, with police in India. And in August, as a result, zero reports of extortion. These are hard issues. They aren't solved overnight. The biggest safety challenge I think that a lot of British Columbians face is they see people are struggling in the streets with serious mental health and addiction issues that need care, but they can't ask for it. That's why we're going to deliver care for these folks, even if they can't ask for it, in voluntary care in every region of the province. We've already identified sites in Surrey, Vancouver Island, Okinawa again, and we're going to work with communities and we're going to fund those sites so that people get the care that they need and deserve.",
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            "Sure, I'd actually like to respond to something the conservative leader has said a couple of times.",
            "He's raised concerns about various social housing sites in the province where he's concerned about the conduct of people who live there.",
            "And I agree.",
            "We have tried to house people with serious mental health and addiction issues.",
            "in social housing that's not equipped for the needs that they have.",
            "This is a real group of people and they are really struggling and they do need care and support.",
            "And with the closure of Riverview, which took place under the BC Liberals, we've been trying to recover ever since.",
            "Opening this involuntary care, it's not a jail cell.",
            "In some cases, it's in a jail because people have already been arrested.",
            "But the work that we're doing is to provide the dignified care so that people are not lying half naked in a gutter, that they're actually getting the care and can rebuild their lives.",
            "And many people do rebuild their lives.",
            "It was a tough court decision that we received, but we can address that decision and we can ensure that people get the care that they need.",
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      "combined_text": "Okay, thank you, Ms. Dirksen. Now, before we move on to the last open debate of the evening, all night we've been hearing from these three leaders whose parties met the debate criteria to other parties. CenterBC and OneBC did not run enough candidates to be here tonight. However, depending on where you live, many of you will see those other party's candidates on your ballots. So here are CenterBC leader Eleanor Sturco and OneBC leader Dallas Brody explaining what role they hope to play in this election.",
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            "Okay, thank you, Ms. Dirksen.",
            "Now, before we move on to the last open debate of the evening, all night we've been hearing from these three leaders whose parties met the debate criteria to other parties.",
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      "text": "I'm not asking British Columbians to pretend that Centre BC will form government. I'm asking them a different question. Who will hold the next government accountable? Centre BC is a socially progressive, environmentally pragmatic and fiscally responsible party. Divisiveness and extremes on the left and on the right aren't helping British Columbians. Electing Centre BC will ensure there's a strong, centrist voice in Victoria. will support strong ideas and bring accountability back to the legislature.",
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      "text": "Ms. Lowen, you are up first. Frankly, I'm exhausted by the status quo, and I know you are too. I'm exhausted by a party that is constantly bribing you with election promises and failing to deliver. We see that in the NDP. In the Conservatives, we see opacity and unwillingness to report where the cuts are coming from. This is not good governance. The BC Greens believe in better. We believe that we can tax the extreme wealth in this province to deliver on the services we so desperately need. You know, that looks like universal childcare. That looks like fast, free and frequent transit. And that looks like social housing. No, I just don't see genuine courage in this room. I see old ideas that are being recycled, and I think it's time that we have a minority government with the Greens to hold these actors to account.",
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      "combined_text": "Thanks. Thank you, Shachi. Thank you to the Green Leader, to the Conservative Leader. Thanks to the team here who's put on this debate. It's crucial for British Columbians to know what the proposals are in front of them. Look, I know that I haven't been perfect. Our government hasn't been perfect. But we have always been and we always will be committed to fight for you on groceries. To drop the cost on the basics for you and your family by reigning in the excess profits in big grocery stores. On car insurance, a three-year freeze on your car insurance with uncertain plans from the conservatives that will double your rates. And on fuel, to rein in the gouging by the oil and gas companies. Look. I love this province. I love Canada. I know we can be incredible together. We're going to stand shoulder to shoulder with leaders across the country to build up this country and this province at a crucial time.",
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            "Well, thank you very much, Sachi.",
            "I know that people in this province sat at their dining room tables last weekend thinking about what the path forward is for them.",
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      "combined_text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. Leaders, all of you, thank you for a respectful debate tonight. On behalf of the broadcast consortium, we hope this has helped you get to know the leaders, their parties, and their promises. Voting day is October 24th. Advanced voting begins the day after tomorrow, and there's still time to request a mail-in ballot. I'm Shachi Curle. It's been such a pleasure to spend this evening with you, with you, leaders. Good night.",
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      "text": "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen. Leaders, all of you, thank you for a respectful debate tonight. On behalf of the broadcast consortium, we hope this has helped you get to know the leaders, their parties, and their promises. Voting day is October 24th. Advanced voting begins the day after tomorrow, and there's still time to request a mail-in ballot. I'm Shachi Curle. It's been such a pleasure to spend this evening with you, with you, leaders. Good night.",
      "time": "2026-10-14T00:00:00",
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            "Thank you, Mr. Dirksen.",
            "Leaders, all of you, thank you for a respectful debate tonight.",
            "On behalf of the broadcast consortium, we hope this has helped you get to know the leaders, their parties, and their promises.",
            "Voting day is October 24th.",
            "Advanced voting begins the day after tomorrow, and there's still time to request a mail-in ballot.",
            "I'm Shachi Curle.",
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            "Good night."
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            "the incredible promise of this province is realized.",
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            "You're coming up on four years in the job and when you took over from John Horgan in November 2022, you said you were going to bring tangible results to the downtown east side and the downtown east side looks the same if not worse and it's been replicated throughout the province in",
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      "combined_text": "Okay Bob, there's so many things in your question that I'd like to go through with you, but I'll just touch on a couple. You mentioned Prince George in your list. We worked hard with Prince George City Council, with the mayor and council, to open up housing, to close a massive encampment in that community, an encampment that was subject to a court order that couldn't be closed. the Burnside encampment, and we did close that encampment. We got people inside, we got them the housing they needed. When we have local government partners, we can deliver on this. I acknowledge absolutely the downtown Eastside is not where I want it to be. We've replaced a bunch of the old hotel units that were so brutal with appropriate social housing, but I've asked Larry Campbell to come in and identify how we can do a better job here because it's not working. Synthetic opioids have made it so much worse. on treatment and this is important I didn't have time I would have in the debate address this our road to recovery initiative we've opened more than 815 treatment beds right now if you have an urgent case where you need to get into treatment you can get in the next day in in our road to recovery program we're expanding it across the province absolutely voluntary treatment people who want to deal with an addiction there's nothing more important than that But there are a big group of people causing an outsized amount of chaos in communities, but also desperately need care. And we're going to deliver them the care they need as well. OK, great. Thanks very much, everybody.",
      "name": "david-eby",
      "text": "Okay Bob, there's so many things in your question that I'd like to go through with you, but I'll just touch on a couple. You mentioned Prince George in your list. We worked hard with Prince George City Council, with the mayor and council, to open up housing, to close a massive encampment in that community, an encampment that was subject to a court order that couldn't be closed. the Burnside encampment, and we did close that encampment. We got people inside, we got them the housing they needed. When we have local government partners, we can deliver on this. I acknowledge absolutely the downtown Eastside is not where I want it to be. We've replaced a bunch of the old hotel units that were so brutal with appropriate social housing, but I've asked Larry Campbell to come in and identify how we can do a better job here because it's not working. Synthetic opioids have made it so much worse. on treatment and this is important I didn't have time I would have in the debate address this our road to recovery initiative we've opened more than 815 treatment beds right now if you have an urgent case where you need to get into treatment you can get in the next day in in our road to recovery program we're expanding it across the province absolutely voluntary treatment people who want to deal with an addiction there's nothing more important than that But there are a big group of people causing an outsized amount of chaos in communities, but also desperately need care. And we're going to deliver them the care they need as well. OK, great. Thanks very much, everybody.",
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            "on treatment and this is important I didn't have time I would have in the debate address this our road to recovery initiative we've opened more than 815 treatment beds right now if you have an urgent case where you need to get into treatment you can get in the next day in in our road to recovery program we're expanding it across the province absolutely voluntary treatment people who want to deal with an addiction there's nothing more important than that",
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      "text": "Well, if we have a minority government, I think that is our singular hill to die on in the negotiations with whoever becomes government in a minority setting. As I said in today's tonight's debate, we saw the NDP basically run a referendum that was designed to fail. John Horgan said that himself. And so I think it's finally time that the BC Greens use our leverage in a minority government to pass proportional representation as part of that agreement. We saw that in New Zealand. And this is a key path forward. And otherwise, we'll be out there campaigning campaigning for it and ensuring pro-rep becomes a reality.",
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      "combined_text": "Correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't think I heard you mention AIA data centers during the debate, but there are energy intensive industries that already exist in small towns, small cities that are struggling right now. One was saved in an NDP riding in the Sunshine Coast. There's others up north in Prince George and elsewhere. If you do get the balance of power, what would you do to try to keep those facilities alive and keep those jobs happening in those small communities?",
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      "text": "Correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't think I heard you mention AIA data centers during the debate, but there are energy intensive industries that already exist in small towns, small cities that are struggling right now. One was saved in an NDP riding in the Sunshine Coast. There's others up north in Prince George and elsewhere. If you do get the balance of power, what would you do to try to keep those facilities alive and keep those jobs happening in those small communities?",
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      "text": "Yeah, so speaking to the state of forestry. We're out of trees and we're out of runway. We need to transition to a sustainable value added forestry sector. The government can't keep talking and logging and burying their heads in this problem. We need to see immediate relief for workers to transition, but I think it also opens a great opportunity for BC to make and retain value in our province. Because in the forestry sector, it is dominated by foreign multinational interests who care more about executive pay than BC workers. And we've seen time and time again shuttered mills and closures as soon as their profit margins shift. But on the other hand, we have companies, smaller scale companies like Freya Logging in the north that employ a great number of local people and they use sustainable practices. And they're not laying people off like you see with the big multinationals. So my question is, what if government started supporting small enterprise, small businesses to build the sustainable forestry sector we need? We are out of time. Thank you.",
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      "combined_text": "Yeah, absolutely. I'm absolutely committed to getting a platform out before people have an opportunity to vote, of course. I want to just clear up a couple of comments. I mean, first off, with my respect to commitments to ICBC, certainly Mr. E.B. took an opportunity to say that I have committed to raising these rates. That's completely false. I am committed to competitive rates with respect to ICBC, but Mr. Ebe would not talk this evening about the folks that have been affected so desperately by critical injuries and certainly catastrophic injuries. We're committed to making this a better program for British Columbians.",
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      "text": "Yeah, absolutely. I'm absolutely committed to getting a platform out before people have an opportunity to vote, of course. I want to just clear up a couple of comments. I mean, first off, with my respect to commitments to ICBC, certainly Mr. E.B. took an opportunity to say that I have committed to raising these rates. That's completely false. I am committed to competitive rates with respect to ICBC, but Mr. Ebe would not talk this evening about the folks that have been affected so desperately by critical injuries and certainly catastrophic injuries. We're committed to making this a better program for British Columbians.",
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            "This was your first real big introduction for many British Columbians.",
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      "combined_text": "Yeah well I think this I think British Columbians will decide that for me but I certainly agree certainly suggested that I was a little nervous at the beginning there is no doubt about that I have been I've really enjoyed what we're doing here right now and I've really enjoyed the opportunity to meet so many British Columbians across this province. What I've learned is that the gaps in our province are significant and serious. And I am absolutely committed to hearing that and trying to address that. And I do not want to introduce a platform that I break promises on. Those promises that have been broken by David E.B. are having a dire effect. in this province with respect to 17,000 people that have lost their lives waiting for services in this province. We've got absolute catastrophic crisis with respect to closures throughout British Columbia in our emergencies. And this is having a huge effect. I mean, down to some of the smallest things, you know, I mean, I had a young woman who almost died in my community because she received a bee sting while eating an ice cream cone. We have to address these things and I can appreciate that the notion going forward has to be one of growing economy but that's not something that has been focused on in this province. It would strengthen us against the attack from our partners south of the border. It would strengthen us from attack from other marketplaces that are obviously very competitive with us. We have to grow our economy in this province and I'm absolutely convinced that we can do that.",
      "name": "lorne-doerkson",
      "text": "Yeah well I think this I think British Columbians will decide that for me but I certainly agree certainly suggested that I was a little nervous at the beginning there is no doubt about that I have been I've really enjoyed what we're doing here right now and I've really enjoyed the opportunity to meet so many British Columbians across this province. What I've learned is that the gaps in our province are significant and serious. And I am absolutely committed to hearing that and trying to address that. And I do not want to introduce a platform that I break promises on. Those promises that have been broken by David E.B. are having a dire effect. in this province with respect to 17,000 people that have lost their lives waiting for services in this province. We've got absolute catastrophic crisis with respect to closures throughout British Columbia in our emergencies. And this is having a huge effect. I mean, down to some of the smallest things, you know, I mean, I had a young woman who almost died in my community because she received a bee sting while eating an ice cream cone. We have to address these things and I can appreciate that the notion going forward has to be one of growing economy but that's not something that has been focused on in this province. It would strengthen us against the attack from our partners south of the border. It would strengthen us from attack from other marketplaces that are obviously very competitive with us. We have to grow our economy in this province and I'm absolutely convinced that we can do that.",
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      "combined_text": "Well, thank you very much for that question because this is a passion of mine and it's why we announced $400 million worth of investment in purchasing a fleet of airplanes. So in this province we don't actually have that opportunity right now. We don't have a fleet of airplanes and I sat in my riding watching hundreds of thousands of hectares on fire while we waited for airplanes to come from as far away as Ontario. Now we did have some here, but that was because we rent those airplanes. This is the other, I guess, part of the equation when we talk about investments in this province. There are two sides of the ledger, and I absolutely fundamentally believe that Mr. Ebe does not understand that. There's an opportunity to buy those airplanes and with that $400 million and offset the price that we're paying now, which can be as high as that depending upon the season, but there's an opportunity to rent that fleet of planes out across this nation certainly, but there's an opportunity in our off seasons to rent those to other economies or other countries. The reality is the loss that we've had on our landscape with respect to wildfire is staggering and it is affecting everything. It's affecting the way water is kept back on our landscape. We have to stop this. This is an unbelievable problem in this province and what follows wildfire in this province is landslides flooding and other very serious situations and now we see a situation in this province where in many places there is no water. later on in the summer because there's no trees to hold back the water that is falling in the early season. There's no trees to hold that winter melt off in the spring. And so this is having a very significant impact on British Columbia. and certainly up in the interior of British Columbia, all throughout the Okanagan, all throughout the caribou, all throughout the north, where we now see many creeks and streams. And when I say creeks, I mean, think about Cache Creek. You could walk through that creek right now and not get your ankles wet. This is a creek that ripped the highway open, did so much damage in that community. So there is an opportunity to do so much more. Fighting fires is one of them. Keeping water on the landscape is another one of them. But these are things that we have to address.",
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      "text": "Well, thank you very much for that question because this is a passion of mine and it's why we announced $400 million worth of investment in purchasing a fleet of airplanes. So in this province we don't actually have that opportunity right now. We don't have a fleet of airplanes and I sat in my riding watching hundreds of thousands of hectares on fire while we waited for airplanes to come from as far away as Ontario. Now we did have some here, but that was because we rent those airplanes. This is the other, I guess, part of the equation when we talk about investments in this province. There are two sides of the ledger, and I absolutely fundamentally believe that Mr. Ebe does not understand that. There's an opportunity to buy those airplanes and with that $400 million and offset the price that we're paying now, which can be as high as that depending upon the season, but there's an opportunity to rent that fleet of planes out across this nation certainly, but there's an opportunity in our off seasons to rent those to other economies or other countries. The reality is the loss that we've had on our landscape with respect to wildfire is staggering and it is affecting everything. It's affecting the way water is kept back on our landscape. We have to stop this. This is an unbelievable problem in this province and what follows wildfire in this province is landslides flooding and other very serious situations and now we see a situation in this province where in many places there is no water. later on in the summer because there's no trees to hold back the water that is falling in the early season. There's no trees to hold that winter melt off in the spring. And so this is having a very significant impact on British Columbia. and certainly up in the interior of British Columbia, all throughout the Okanagan, all throughout the caribou, all throughout the north, where we now see many creeks and streams. And when I say creeks, I mean, think about Cache Creek. You could walk through that creek right now and not get your ankles wet. This is a creek that ripped the highway open, did so much damage in that community. So there is an opportunity to do so much more. Fighting fires is one of them. Keeping water on the landscape is another one of them. But these are things that we have to address.",
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            "Well, thank you very much for that question because this is a passion of mine and it's why we announced $400 million worth of investment in purchasing a fleet of airplanes.",
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            "The reality is the loss that we've had on our landscape with respect to wildfire is staggering and it is affecting everything.",
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            "Fighting fires is one of them.",
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            "Step it up a bit.",
            "I mean, get some energy in this campaign.",
            "Emily Lohan is not going to campaign much outside of Southern Vancouver Island and West Vancouver Sea to sky.",
            "But EB and Dirksen have to have more events, I think.",
            "They've got to have some energy, pick up the pace.",
            "You and I have talked about where they go before.",
            "They're going to go to Surrey quite a bit.",
            "I think you're going to see David EB again go to places he thinks he needs to win, to hold.",
            "I expect him to go up to North Island again because those who are in there are in play and I expect Dirksen to go to areas where the NDP is weak, where he thinks he can pick up seats.",
            "But they've got to do, I think, a little more energy, a little more pace.",
            "And again, to your point, I think all of them are probably happy with their performance tonight.",
            "And it's going to be interesting.",
            "Hamish picked up on this.",
            "David E.D.",
            "will be showing, some of you mentioned before, showing humility.",
            "Does he bring that now to the campaign?",
            "The number of times he said tonight,",
            "We're not perfect.",
            "We made mistakes.",
            "Well, if he says that on the campaign rather than relentlessly attacking the conservatives, I think that would do them better or do them well than what's been working so far or not working.",
            "Again, they're going after the undecided.",
            "There's still 25% of the people out there haven't made up their minds.",
            "That's just going to decide the selection.",
            "Not the people currently telling the pollsters how they're going to vote."
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